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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurochem. 2009 Mar 28;109(5):1427–1439. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06074.x

Fig. 4. Creatine, CoQ10 or their combination blocks 3-NP-induced impairment of striatal glutathione homeostasis and reduces oxidative damage.

Fig. 4

The striatum and cortex tissues collected from the Lewis rats described in methods were used for analysis of glutathione metabolites and oxidative damage markers. A. 3-NP administration resulted in a statistically significant reduction of striatal levels of GSH and the ratio of GSH/GSSG, whereas levels of GSSG were not significantly affected by 3-NP treatment measured by HPLC. Creatine, CoQ10 or the combination diet treatment significantly blocked 3-NP induced reductions in striatal levels of GSH and the ratio GSH/GSSG without impacting the GSSG levels. The combination diet exerted an additive effect in preserving striatal GSH/GSSG ratio. B. HPLC analysis of MDA levels in striatum revealed a statistically significant increase in MDA levels in 3-NP intoxicated rats treated with control diet. Creatine, CoQ10 or the combination diet treatment significantly reduced 3-NP-induced MDA formation in the striatum with the combination exerting a more significant reduction in striatal MDA. C. HPLC analysis of the ratio of 8OH2dG over dG, a marker of DNA oxidation, showed a significant increase in oxidative DNA damage in the cerebral cortex following 3-NP treatment, which is attenuated by treatment of creatine, CoQ10 or the combination diet, with the combination treatment reaching a statistically significant attenuation. Data represent mean ± SEM. *p< 0.05, ** p< 0.01 compared to control alone; #p< 0.05, ##p< 0.01 compared to 3-NP with control diet; + p< 0.05 compared to 3-NP with either creatine or CoQ10 diet, by ANOVA. n= 15 rats per group.