Table 4.
Baseline other comorbidities, n (%)
| COPD patients (N = 59,906) | Control patients (N = 117,546) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Depression | 6279 (10.48) | 10,014 (8.52) | <0.0001 |
| Angina | 3006 (5.02) | 3605 (3.07) | <0.0001 |
| Cardiac dysrhythmias | 5414 (9.04) | 8506 (7.24) | <0.0001 |
| Pulmonary embolism | 173 (0.29) | 165 (0.14) | <0.0001 |
| Pneumonia | 3226 (5.39) | 1870 (1.59) | <0.0001 |
| Acute upper respiratory infections | 6489 (10,83) | 5707 (4.86) | <0.0001 |
| Otitis media | 656 (1.10) | 1053 (0.90) | <0.0001 |
| Disorders of lipid metabolism | 613 (1.02) | 1087 (0.92) | 0.0439 |
| Hypertension | 28,233 (47.13) | 54,126 (46.05) | <0.0001 |
| Osteoporosis | 723 (1.21) | 677 (0.58) | <0.0001 |
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease | 587 (0.98) | 686 (0.58) | <0.0001 |
| Septicemia | 291 (0.49) | 689 (0.59) | 0.0070 |
| Alcohol/drug abuse, dependence, or poisoning | 12,519 (20.90) | 12,539 (10.67) | <0.0001 |
Abbreviation: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.