TABLE 1.
Totala | White | Hispanic | Black | P | |
Weighted sample size, no. (%) | 1910 | 817 (42.3) | 861 (45.1) | 232 (12.2) | |
Mean age, y | 40.5 | 44.2 | 36.7 | 41.9 | <.001 |
Female, % | 48.4 | 47.1 | 48.8 | 51.6 | <.751 |
Married, % | 47.7 | 55.3 | 46.7 | 41.9 | <.001 |
Working-class status in childhood,b % | 59.5 | 52.3 | 64.0 | 65.6 | <.020 |
Mother's education, % | <.001 | ||||
Less than high school diploma | 44.2 | 13.6 | 77.8 | 34.4 | |
High school diploma | 43.7 | 65.2 | 19.9 | 52.0 | |
≥ 4 years college | 12.1 | 21.3 | 2.4 | 13.7 | |
Family income, $, % | <.001 | ||||
0–9 999 | 25.5 | 24.4 | 24.2 | 34.1 | |
10 000–29 999 | 28.1 | 15.4 | 41.5 | 28.7 | |
30 000–49 999 | 18.0 | 14.7 | 21.2 | 18.4 | |
50 000–69 999 | 9.9 | 14.0 | 6.6 | 8.2 | |
≥ 70 000 | 17.8 | 31.6 | 6.5 | 11.0 | |
US education, % | <.001 | ||||
Less than high school diploma | 35.2 | 11.0 | 64.4 | 12.4 | |
High school diploma | 45.8 | 52.3 | 32.1 | 73.9 | |
≥ 4 years college | 18.9 | 36.7 | 3.6 | 13.7 | |
Working-class status in adulthood,b % | 61.1 | 41.3 | 79.6 | 63.4 | <.001 |
US-born, % | 60.6 | 87.9 | 26.9 | 89.6 | <.001 |
Weight,c % | |||||
Overweight | 40.2 | 33.0 | 46.1 | 44.1 | <.001 |
Obese | 19.8 | 18.3 | 20.9 | 21.0 | <.720 |
Note. Weighted values are presented.
Weighted total sample sizes differ for the following groups because of missing data: n = 1794 for working-class status in childhood; n = 1775 for mother's education; n = 1559 for working-class status in adulthood.
Working-class status was defined based on the work of Krieger et al., who designated certain census occupational codes as working class on the basis of the level of supervisory responsibility they entail.17
Overweight was defined as a BMI of 25–29.99 kg/m2. Obese was defined as a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or greater.