Table 4.
Adjusteda mean percent change (95% confidence interval) in SD scores of fetal size and growth for an IQR increase in exposure during different periods of pregnancy: full cohort.
| Period of exposure during pregnancy |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weeks 1–12 |
Weeks 12–20 |
Weeks 20–32 |
||||
| Characteristic/week | NO2 | BTEX | NO2 | BTEX | NO2 | BTEX |
| FL | ||||||
| Week 12 | −1.32 (−4.54 to 1.91) | −0.76 (−5.08 to 3.57) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Week 20 | −0.70 (−4.3 to 2.91) | −2.16 (−6.97 to 2.68) | −1.03 (−4.3 to 2.25) | −3.14 (−8.06 to 1.82) | NA | NA |
| Week 32 | −0.28 (−3.2 to 2.64) | 0.18 (−3.74 to 4.1) | 1.54 (−1.11 to 4.18) | 1.97 (−2.06 to 5.97) | 0.23 (−2.86 to 3.32) | 0.21 (−3.88 to 4.29) |
| Weeks 12–20 | −0.23 (−3.79 to 3.34) | −2.02 (−6.78 to 2.76) | −1.27 (−4.5 to 1.97) | −3.48 (−8.34 to 1.43) | NA | NA |
| Weeks 20–32 | −0.12 (−3.04 to 2.79) | 0.68 (−3.23 to 4.59) | 1.81 (−0.84 to 4.44) | 2.73 (−1.29 to 6.71) | 0.84 (−2.25 to 3.91) | 1.25 (−2.83 to 5.32) |
| HC | ||||||
| Week 12 | 0.16 (−3.51 to 3.83) | −0.08 (−4.99 to 4.83) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Week 20 | −1.44 (−5.1 to 2.24) | −0.36 (−5.27 to 4.56) | 1.04 (−2.25 to 4.31) | 1.4 (−3.6 to 6.37) | NA | NA |
| Week 32 | −0.92 (−3.96 to 2.13) | 0.40 (−3.66 to 4.46) | 0.76 (−1.98 to 3.49) | 1.91 (−2.23 to 6.04) | 0.16 (−3.04 to 3.36) | 1.64 (−2.66 to 5.91) |
| Weeks 12–20 | −1.68 (−5.26 to 1.92) | −0.36 (−5.19 to 4.48) | 1.12 (−2.17 to 4.39) | 1.91 (−3.01 to 6.81) | NA | NA |
| Weeks 20–32 | −0.52 (−3.56 to 2.53) | 0.52 (−3.62 to 4.65) | 0.48 (−2.33 to 3.29) | 1.56 (−2.66 to 5.76) | −0.04 (−3.32 to 3.24) | 1.36 (−2.94 to 5.64) |
| AC | ||||||
| Week 12 | −1.83 (−5.34 to 1.68) | −1.91 (−6.58 to 2.77) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Week 20 | −0.48 (−4.22 to 3.27) | −1.16 (−6.14 to 3.84) | −0.08 (−3.44 to 3.28) | −1.6 (−6.72 to 3.56) | NA | NA |
| Week 32 | −1.32 (−4.44 to 1.81) | −1.04 (−5.24 to 3.18) | −0.08 (−2.89 to 2.73) | −0.16 (−4.45 to 4.13) | 0.52 (−2.76 to 3.80) | 0.56 (−3.81 to 4.92) |
| Weeks 12–20 | 0.44 (−3.31 to 4.18) | −0.32 (−5.31 to 4.67) | 0.84 (−2.52 to 4.19) | −0.16 (−5.3 to 4.99) | NA | NA |
| Weeks 20–32 | −1.24 (−4.36 to 1.89) | −0.72 (−4.85 to 3.42) | −0.04 (−2.85 to 2.77) | 0.32 (−3.97 to 4.61) | 0.84 (−2.44 to 4.11) | 1.24 (−3.14 to 5.6) |
| BPD | ||||||
| Week 12 | 2.51 (−1.32 to 6.32) | 2.19 (−2.96 to 7.31) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Week 20 | 2.95 (−0.57 to 6.44) | 2.39 (−2.30 to 7.05) | 2.99 (−0.21 to 6.17) | 1.83 (−3.01 to 6.65) | NA | NA |
| Week 32 | −1.64 (−4.83 to 1.57) | −3.74 (−8.07 to 0.63) | 0.00 (−2.97 to 2.97) | −1.83 (−6.27 to 2.62) | 1.04 (−2.40 to 4.47) | −0.80 (−5.32 to 3.73) |
| Weeks 12–20 | 1.99 (−1.6 to 5.57) | 1.52 (−3.33 to 6.34) | 2.79 (−0.49 to 6.05) | 1.91 (−3.09 to 6.88) | NA | NA |
| Weeks 20–32 | −2.75 (−6.01 to 0.53) | −4.82 (−9.12 to −0.45)* | −1.04 (−4 to 1.93) | −2.59 (−7.01 to 1.86) | 0.60 (−2.84 to 4.03) | −1.04 (−5.55 to 3.49) |
| EFW | ||||||
| Week 12 | −1.44 (−4.79 to 1.93) | −1.12 (−5.63 to 3.41) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| Week 20 | 0.20 (−4.02 to 4.41) | −0.88 (−6.48 to 4.74) | 0.28 (−3.55 to 4.1) | −1.83 (−7.58 to 3.94) | NA | NA |
| Week 32 | −1.36 (−4.4 to 1.69) | −1.4 (−5.45 to 2.67) | 0.6 (−2.14 to 3.33) | 0.40 (−3.82 to 4.61) | 0.64 (−2.57 to 3.84) | 0.44 (−3.86 to 4.73) |
| Weeks 12–20 | 1.16 (−2.83 to 5.13) | −0.36 (−5.73 to 5.02) | 0.6 (−3.07 to 4.27) | −1.40 (−6.91 to 4.15) | NA | NA |
| Weeks 20–32 | −1.60 (−4.63 to 1.45) | −1.12 (−5.17 to 2.95) | 0.52 (−2.22 to 3.25) | 1.20 (−3.02 to 5.40) | 1.28 (−1.93 to 4.47) | 1.71 (−2.58 to 5.99) |
NA, not applicable.
a
All adjusted for season of conception, parity, maternal educational level, and maternal smoking. Models for BPD and FL also included maternal prepregnancy weight. The model for FL also included child’s sex.
*
p < 0.05.