Table 2.

Relative Risk of Receipt of Preventive Services by Patients on Chronic Opioid Therapy Compared With Patients Not on Chronic Opioid Therapy

Preventive Service	Unadjusted RR (95% CI)	Common Modela RR (95% CI)	Final Modelb RR (95% CI)
Cervical cancer screening	0.72 (0.57–0.92)	0.60 (0.47–0.76)	0.60 (0.47–0.76)
Colorectal cancer screening	0.57 (0.29–1.09)	0.48 (0.25–0.91)	0.42 (0.22–0.80)
Lipid screening	0.95 (0.66–1.37)	0.77 (0.54–1.10)	0.77 (0.54–1.10)
Smoking counseling	1.08 (0.89–1.32)	0.93 (0.77–1.12)	0.95 (0.78–1.15)

CI = confidence interval; RR = relative risk.

^a Adjusted for age, clinic, and total number of clinic visits.

^b Adjusted for age, clinic, and total number of clinic visits. In addition, the colorectal cancer screening model adjusted for diagnosis of gastroesophageal reflux disease; and the smoking cessation counseling model adjusted for percentage of visits with primary clinician.