Figure 1.

Engaging communities in system-based participatory research.

Note: Systems-based participatory research engages in research partnerships at the level of the health delivery system, including the clinicians and patients nested within a delivery system, as well as delivery system leaders and other stakeholders in the organization. Practice-based research networks traditionally focus on research engagement with individual clinicians and practices, some of which may be part of an organized delivery system, but others are not. Similarly, community-based participatory research initially developed as a form of research engagement directly with patients, community members, and community-based organizations, which may or may not be part of an organized clinical delivery system.