The effect of KChIP2 on the expression of major Ca2+ cycling proteins were examined by immunoblot analysis in isolated adult cardiomyocytes infected with Ad.β-gal or Ad.KChIP2. (A) Western blots of myocyte lysates demonstrating expression of KChIP2, Serca2a, phospholamban (PLB), Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX), and ryanodine receptor 2 (RyR2). GAPDH, an internal loading control, is used to normalize protein expression. (B) Densitometric analysis of mean data (± SEM). (C) Histogram comparing mean (±SEM) Ca2+ ratio determined between β-gal- and KChIP2-infected cardiomyocytes in the absence or presence of 4 mM 4-aminopyridine (4-AP). Blocking Ito with 4-AP in KChIP2-overexpressing adult cardiomyocytes significantly increased the Ca2+ transients. * P< 0.05 Ad.KChIP2 vs. Ad.β-gal; # P< 0.0001 Ad.KChIP2 vs. Ad.β-gal, n=12; § P< 0.001 Ad.KChIP2 vs. Ad.KChIP2+4-AP, n=15.