Table 1.

Objective measures from initial evaluation.

Passive Range of Motion (°)	Right	Left
Hip flexion	110	110*
Hip external rotation	60	60
Hip internal rotation	30	20*
Knee flexion	Full	Full
Knee extension	Full	Full

Active Lumbar Movement
Full in all planes

Muscle Length Tests‡	Right	Left
90/90 Hamstring	None	None
Ely's test	30°	30°
Supine piriformis test	Moderate	Mild
Thomas test	10°	10°

Strength Testing	Right	Left
Hip flexion	4+/5	4+/5
Hip abduction	4/5	3+/5
Hip extension	4-/5	4-/5
Knee extension	5/5	5/5
Knee flexion	5/5	5/5
Ankle (PF and DF)	5/5	5/5

Standing Posture
• Increased lumbar lordosis
• Mild bilateral femoral internal rotation and adduction
• Mild bilateral pes planus and hallux valgus

Joint Play Assessment	Spinal Level
Hypomobile	L5
Hypermobile	T8-10, L1-2
Normal Mobility	T11-12, L3-4

Neurologic Screen (Bilateral)
Dermatome (light touch)	Normal L2 thru S2
DTR (patellar/Achilles)	1+ /2+

Special Tests
Hip Scour*	Limited on left
Hip FABER†	Limited on left
Patellar compression test	Negative
Standing forward bending test‡	Positive on right
Supine to long sitting test§	Right leg shifts from long to short
Motion testing in sitting§	FRS-L at L5-S1 Right unilateral extension sacral lesion

Palpation
• Superior right iliac crest, posterior right sacral base, superior right ASIS in comparison to left
• Quadriceps and buttock were non-tender with firm palpation

^*reproduced groin pain

^†reproduced buttock pain

^‡expressed in restriction from normal length

^§testing performed as described in Greenman¹⁵.

PF, plantarflexion; DF, dorsiflexion; ASIS, anterior superios iliac spine; L, lumbar; T thoracic; DTR, deep tendon reflex;; FABER, flexion-abduction-external rotation; FRS-L, flexion rotation sidebend left