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. 2010 Apr 26;11(1):44. doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-11-44

Table 5.

The main causes of death in 302 decedents.

All
N = 302
n (%)
Smoker
N = 197
n (%)
Never-smokers
N = 105
n (%)
Respiratory 175 (58) 134 (68) 41 (39)
 Respiratory failure 117 92 25
 Pneumonia 48 34 14
 Pneumothorax 10 8 2
Hepatic 37 (12) 15 (8) 22 (21)
 Liver failure 13 7 6
 Primary liver carcinoma 18 7 11
 Gastrointestinal bleeding 4 - 4
 Intra-abdominal infection 2 1 1
Other 90 (30) 48 (24) 42 (40)
 Malignancy complication 29 14 15
 Cardiovascular accident 23 14 9
 Cerebrovascular accident 14 6 8
 Intra-abdominal infection* 8 6 2
 Gastrointestinal bleeding* 2 1 1
 Pulmonary embolism 6 4 2
 Suicide/accident 5 3 2
 Renal failure 3 - 3

* without known liver disease