Table 2. Intercorrelations of Birth Outcomes, Major Stress Variables, and Control Variables.

Variable	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13
1. Birthweight	—
2. Gestational age	.68***	—
3. Medical risk	−.35***	−.47***	—
4. Spontaneous labor	.12	.19*	−.27**	—
5. Clinic patient	.00	.03	.23*	−.03	—
6. Parents' education	.23**	.27**	−.12	−.10	−.07	—
7. Stressful life eventsa	−.06	.08	.16†	−.05	.16†	.00	—
8. Perceived stressa	−.16†	−.15†	.19*	−.08	.25**	−.17†	.50***	—
9. State anxietya	−.15†	−.14	.16†	.03	.17†	−.22*	.48***	.77***	—
10. Pregnancy anxietya	−.10	.00	−.02	.00	.06	−.20*	.36***	.47***	.65***	—
11. Pregnancy wantedness	.06	−.02	−.10	.02	−.24*	.22*	−.36***	−.47***	−.46***	.21*	—
12. Perceived racismb	−.26**	−.14	.20*	.03	.06	.04	.50***	.40***	.35***	.25**	−.26**	—
13. Stress	−.15	−.08	−.13	−.03	.14	−.13	.68***	.78***	.84***	.78***	−.17†	.43***	—

Note. Zero-order Pearson correlations between continuous variables and dichotomous variables are the same as point-biserial correlations. The dichotomous variables are spontaneous labor (0 = no, 1 = yes), clinic patient (0 = no, 1 = yes), and parents' education (0 = high school or less, 1 = more than high school). Stress = general and pregnancy stress index.

^aComposite score; examined by time point, none of the general and pregnancy stress variables were significantly correlated with outcomes except Time 3 Perceived Stress Scale (birth weight, r = −.22, p < .05; gestational age, r = −.26, p < .01) and Time 3 State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (birth weight, r = −.21, p < .05; gestational age, r = −.22, p < .05).

^bLifetime score; subscore correlations with birth weight: child-direct, r = −.06, p > .10; child-vicarious, r = −.29, p < .01; adult-direct, r = −.24, p < .01; and adult-vicarious, r = −.19, p < .05. None of the subscores were significantly correlated with gestational age.

^†p < .10.

^*p < .05.

^**p < .01.

^***p < .001.