Table 2.
Behavioral and neurological signs, and the type and topography of developmental abnormalities
| Brain bank # | Psychiatric disorders and neurological symptoms | Mental retardation (MR) | Seizures age of onset | Type and topography of developmental abnormalities |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IBR425-02 | Hyperactivity. Tantrums. Self-injurious behavior | – | – | No changes |
| UMB-1627 | Aggression | – | – | Focal neuronal heterotopia in white matter of the anterior cingulate gyrus |
| B-6403 | – | – | 14 months | Subependymal nodular dysplasia in the wall of the occipital horn of the lateral ventricle. Two periventricular nodular heterotopias (2 and 4 mm in diameter) near the frontal horn of the lateral ventricle. Tuber-like expansion of the tail of caudate nucleus into the lumen of the ventricle. Flocculonodular dysplasia |
| B-5666 | – | – | Abnormal EEG; no seizures | Cortical dysplasia in the middle and inferior temporal gyri with focal dyslamination, clustering of dystrophic neurons and severe local neuronal deficits. Several focal dysplastic changes within CA. Flocculonodular dysplasia affecting almost entire lobe |
| B-5342 | Pervasive developmental disorder. Hyperlexia | Mild MR | 4.5 months | Focal cortical dysplasia. Dysplasia of the granule layer of the dentate gyrus. Subcortical heterotopia in the inferior frontal gyrus. Heterotopia in vermis and in cerebellar white matter |
| B-5535 | Hyperactivity. Self-injurious behavior including head-banging | Moderate to severe MR | 2 years | Thickening of the subependymal cell layer. Focal dysplasia within CA1 pyramidal layer with neuronal deficit, abnormal neuron morphology and spatial orientation. Multifocal dysplasia of the dentate gyrus with distortion of the shape of granule and molecular cell layers. Focal dysplasia within vermis |
| B-6115 | Sensory integration disorder | – | – | Flocculonodular dysplasia affecting the majority of lobe volume. Cortical angioma |
| UMB-1638 | ADHD | Moderate MR | 5 years | Focal dysplasia within CA1 with diffuse neuronal deficit but without glial activation |
| B-6337 | Obsessive compulsive disorder. Mania. Tourette syndrome. Self-injurious behavior | MR | – | Minor focal flocculonodular dysplasia |
| IBR93-01 | Hyperactivity. Aggressive and self-injurious behavior | Severe MR | 23 years | Focal dysplasia within islands in the entorhinal cortex. Pineal gland cysts |
| B-6212 | Obsessive compulsive disorder. Depression, aggression, and anxiety | Severe MR | – | Several areas of focal cortical dysplasia within frontal cortex and insula with local loss of vertical and horizontal organization. Merger of ventral portion of the claustrum with insula. Flocculonodular dysplasia |
| B-6276 | Aggression and self-injurious behavior, anxiety and agitation | Moderate MR | – | Focal dysplasia within CA1 sector with focal neuronal deficit. Heterotopia within stratum oriens. Flocculonodular dysplasia affecting approximately 70% of the lobe |
| B-7090 | Disturbed movement coordination (walking like drunk) | MR | 3 years | Three focal dysplasias in the frontal cortex. Dysplasia of layers 1–3 in the entorhinal cortex with missing numerous islands of the stellate neurons. Severe hypoplasia of cerebellar lobes 1–4. Reduced convolutions within dentate nucleus |
Developmental abnormalities in brains of autistic subjects