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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 May 13.
Published in final edited form as: Res Aging. 2009 May 1;31(3):318–344. doi: 10.1177/0164027508330719

Table 3. Illustrations of Friendship Norms From Participants’ Open-Ended Responses and Percentage of Responses Evoking Each Norm.

Behavior Percentage of
Comments
With Similar
Response
Friend told secret
 Norm of trust 54.5%
 “Confidential information should be held in trust.” (male
  respondent, female friend)
Friend cancels plans
 Norm of commitment 24.6%
 “He’s choosing another person over you after making plans
  with you.” (female respondent, male friend)
Norm of support 20.3%
“Maybe Jim needs a little romance. We could go to the movies
 some other time.” (male respondent, male friend)
Friend asks to stay at your house
 Norm of helping 43.2%
 “If you are a real friend, you will be happy to help.” (female
  respondent, female friend)
Friend stops by unexpectedly
 Norm of respect and consideration 35.1%
 “He was not considerate.” (male respondent, male friend)
Friend gives kiss on cheek
 Norm of affection (positive) 50%
 “We are friends and we’re glad to see each other!” (female
 respondent, female friend)
 Norm of affection (negative)
 “As I am a male, I would not enjoy being kissed by another
  male.” (male respondent, male friend)
Friend won’t confide
 Norm of respect for privacy 32.1%
 “Sometimes people want to keep things private—you should respect
  that and stop nagging.” (female respondent, female friend)
Friend didn’t stand up for you
 Norm of loyalty 32.8%
 “If he is my friend, he should have said something on my
  behalf.” (female respondent, male friend)