FIG. 4.

Synergism between combinations of family 48 and family 9 enzymes. (Left side) Synergy of the cellulosomal enzymes 48S and 9R for catalytic modules in “WT-cellulosomal,” “mock-free,” or “designer-WT” mode and converted into “converted-free” mode. The open bars indicate the calculated sums of activities of the individual enzymes; the contribution of the family 48 enzyme (top section) is considerably less than that of the family 9 enzyme (bottom section) for each of the pairs. The striped bars indicate the observed activity experimentally obtained for the combined enzyme systems. (Right side) Synergy of the free enzymes 48Y and 9I for catalytic modules in a “WT-free” mode and converted into cellulosomal modes, including “converted-cellulosomal,” “mock-free,” and “designer-converted.” The solid filled bars indicate the calculated sums of activities of the individual enzymes (top section, family 48 enzyme; bottom section, family 9 enzyme). For definitions of enzyme systems see Table 2. Values for single enzyme activities and pairs of enzymatic activities are shown in Table S3 in the supplemental material. Triplicate reactions were carried out. The relative activity was determined by comparison with the activity of the WT-free enzymes 48Y-CBM and 9I-CBM, as described in Materials and Methods.