Inhibition of AR prevents HG- and/or TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of Rb and expression of cyclin D1, cdk-4, cyclin E, cdk-2, and PCNA in VSMC. A and B, Quiescent VSMC were preincubated with 10 μm sorbinil for 24 h followed by stimulation with HG or TNF-α for different time intervals (A) and 24 h (B) (n = 5 for each treatment). The pooled total cell lysate was subjected to Western blot analysis using antibodies against phospho-Rb, cyclin D1, cdk-4, cyclin E, cdk-2, PCNA, and GAPDH. C, Growth-arrested VSMC were preincubated with sorbinil or carrier for 24 h followed by stimulation with HG and/or TNF-α for 4 h to determine cyclin D1 mRNA expression by RT-PCR. Densitometry analysis was performed by using Kodak 1D image analysis software. Bars, Means ± sem of three independent analyses; #, P < 0.001 compared with control cells; *, P < 0.001; **, P < 0.05 compared with cells treated with HG and/or TNF-α.