Table 1.
Application of guidelines to data*
| Population to be screened | Population to be treated |
|---|---|
| British Hyperlipidaemia Association | |
| In order of priority: | Presence of coronary heart disease and LDL cholesterol >3.4 mmol/l |
| Vascular disease | Presence of ⩾2 out of: diabetes, hypertension (1)*, current smoker, or obesity and LDL cholesterol >5.0 mmol/l |
| Family history (1)* of coronary heart disease | Male sex and LDL cholesterol >6.0 mmol/l |
| Diabetes, hypertension (1)*, current smoker, or obesity | Female sex, postmenopausal, and LDL cholesterol >6.0 mmol/l |
| Drugs and Therapeutics Bulletin | |
| Vascular disease, or a family history (1)* of coronary heart disease; or | Presence of vascular disease and LDL cholesterol ⩾3.4 mmol/l |
| Particular combination of age, sex, hypertension (1)*, left ventricular hypertrophy, smoking, and diabetes from risk table | If no overt vascular disease, decision from table based on combination of age, sex, diabetes, smoking, hypertension (1)*, left ventricular hypertrophy, and total cholesterol value |
| European Atherosclerosis Association | |
| All | Presence of vascular disease and total cholesterol >5 mmol/l (<6 mmol/l dietary therapy only) |
| Coronary heart disease risk >20% over 10 years (determined by risk chart according to age, sex, smoking status, blood pressure, and total cholesterol) and total cholesterol >5 mmol/l (<7 mmol/l dietary therapy only) | |
| Coronary heart disease risk ⩽20% and total cholesterol >7 mmol/l (<8 mmol/l dietary therapy only) | |
| National cholesterol education programme | |
| All | Presence of coronary heart disease and LDL cholesterol ⩾2.6 mmol/l (<3.4 mmol/l dietary therapy only) |
| LDL cholesterol ⩾3.4 mmol/l (<4.1 mmol/l dietary therapy only) and presence of ⩾2 (3 if HDL cholesterol ⩾1.6 mmol/l) out of: male, age ⩾45, diabetes, hypertension (2)*, current smoker, postmenopausal female, family history of coronary heart disease (2)*, HDL cholesterol <0.9mmol/l | |
| LDL cholesterol ⩾4.1 mmol/l (<4.9 mmol/l dietary therapy only) with < 2 risk factors | |
HDL=high density lipoprotein, LDL=low density lipoprotein.
*
See table 2 for definitions of the conditions and risk factors. The studies used two definitions—(1) and (2)—for hypertension and family history of coronary heart disease.