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. 2010 Apr 28;30(17):5843–5854. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0137-10.2010

Figure 8.

Figure 8.

Fibrinogen induces scar formation as a carrier of latent TGF-β. A, Fibrinogen fractions isolated from plasma. Fraction I-2 is intact 340 kDa fibrinogen composed of three pairs of nonidentical polypeptide chains, designated Aα (63.5 kDa), Bβ (56 kDa), and γ (47 kDa). Fraction I-9 lacks residues of the C terminus of the Aα chain. B, Western blotting of plasma fractions I-2 and I-9 shows no LTBP1 in fraction I-9. Coomassie staining revealed the absence of full-length fibrinogen Aα chain in fraction I-9. C, Immunolabeling of astrocytes (GFAP, green) and neurocan (red) shows less astrogliosis and lower neurocan expression after stereotactic injection of fraction I-9 than after injection of fraction I-2. ACSF-injected mice served as controls. D, GFAP and neurocan levels are lower in mice injected with fraction I-9 than in those injected with fraction I-2 (n = 6 per group). E, TGF-β ELISA revealed reduced latent TGF-β1 in plasma-isolated fibrinogen fraction I-9. Values are mean ± SEM of three independent experiments performed in duplicate. *p < 0.001. Scale bar, 90 μm.