TABLE 2.
Descriptive Statistics on Adolescent Outcomes at Waves 1 and Changes between Waves 1 and 2
| Single (S) Waves 1&2 (n = 449) | Married (M) Waves 1&2 (n = 198) | Cohabiting (C) Waves 1&2 (n = 23) | Marriage Formed (MF) (n = 88) | Cohabitation Formed (CF) (n = 46) | Fa | Planned Comparisonsb | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reading | ||||||||
| Wave 1 | 508.20 (28.10) | 512.60 (24.20) | 500.90 (25.10) | 509.50 (28.50) | 506.30 (30.00) | 1.40 | ||
| Δ scores | 5.40 (17.30) | 6.10 (18.40) | 6.90 (14.50) | 4.50 (16.00) | 5.90 (15.30) | 0.41 | ||
| Mathematics | ||||||||
| Wave 1 | 503.80 (20.10) | 512.10 (13.80) | 510.80 (25.30) | 507.10 (15.60) | 501.20 (20.90) | 6.50*** | S < M | |
| Δ scores | 3.60 (17.00) | 5.10 (10.50) | −0.76 (23.30) | 2.40 (14.20) | 7.40 (16.50) | 1.30 | ||
| Grades | ||||||||
| Wave 1 | 5.40 (1.70) | 6.10 (1.50) | 4.90 (2.10) | 5.80 (1.70) | 5.10 (1.80) | 7.20*** | S < M | |
| Δ scores | −0.26 (1.90) | 0.03 (1.40) | 0.11 (1.80) | −.26 (1.60) | −0.68 (1.70) | 2.00 | ||
| Externalizing Problems | ||||||||
| Wave 1 | 52.80 (10.80) | 49.20 (8.60) | 55.00 (10.60) | 51.70 (9.90) | 57.40 (7.90) | 8.70*** | S > M; S < CF | |
| Δ scores | 0.62 (10.40) | −2.30 (7.90) | 3.70 (8.30) | −1.30 (10.60) | −1.20 (8.60) | 5.00*** | S > M | |
| Serious Delinquency | ||||||||
| Wave 1 | −0.11 (00.47) | −0.27 (0.44) | −0.32 (0.35) | −0.18 (0.38) | 0.18 (0.62) | 11.40*** | S > M; S >C; S < CF | |
| Δ scores | 0.03 (00.52) | −0.01 (0.39) | 0.37 (0.42) | −0.01 (0.48) | −0.23 (0.57) | 5.70*** | S < C; S > CF | |
| Internalizing Problems | ||||||||
| Wave 1 | 51.80 (11.50) | 52.10 (9.40) | 58.40 (12.40) | 55.00 (10.00) | 56.50 (10.80) | 5.40*** | S < MF | |
| Δ scores | −1.40 (11.10) | −2.40 (9.60) | −0.45 (11.00) | −2.30 (10.80) | −5.50 (11.10) | 2.40* | S < CF | |
| BSI- Total | ||||||||
| Wave 1 | 1.50 (1.10) | 1.30 (1.00) | 1.60 (1.50) | 1.80 (0.98) | 1.60 (1.00) | 3.10* | ||
| Δ scores | −0.02 (1.10) | 0.23 (1.00) | 0.46 (1.10) | .010 (1.00) | −0.31 (1.20) | 5.50*** | S < M | |
Note: Weighted means and standard deviations in parentheses are presented.
*
p < .05,
**
p < .01,
***
p < .001.
a
The weighted degrees of freedom for the F tests were 5, 813.
b
Planned comparisons were conducted with each partnership group compared to the single (S) group; significant (p < .05) contrasts are presented.