Table 1.

List of behaviors scored during courtship observations.

Move: General locomotion of each male was assessed during the first minutes of courtship observations.  Males that moved little were scored 0. Males that moved slowly or infrequently were scored 1.  Males that moved quickly and frequently were scored 2.

Follow: A specific movement toward a female, normally accompanied by wing-raising.

Mount: Any attempt of a male to take up a position on a female’s back.

Arrest: Positioning of the male on the female’s back and cessation of female movement.

Orient: Positioning of the male head over that of the female.

Display: Performance of ritualized courtship display, consisting courtship cycles indicated by antennal  sweeps and/or head nods.

Copulate: Backup of the male after female signals receptivity by lowering her antennae and opening her  abdomen. At this point the male makes genital contact with the female