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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 May 18.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Gastroenterol. 2009 Dec 15;105(5):1173–1180. doi: 10.1038/ajg.2009.683

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Schematic representation of the findings of this study. No changes were detected relative to control in samples from subjects with opiate induced constipation. Findings from subjects with chronic constipation revealed increased RNA levels in the rate limiting enzyme for 5-HT synthesis, tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TpH1) in EC cells, increased mucosal 5-HT content indicating higher concentration of 5-HT in the EC cells, and increased 5-HT release under basal and stimulated conditions. Elements of 5-HT signaling that were not altered in chronic constipation included the number of EC cells and RNA levels for the 5-HT transporter.