Table 3. Unadjusted and adjusted hazard of hospitalization or death associated with pre-dialysis pulse pressure (PP), post-dialysis PP, change in pulse pressure during hemodialysis, or a combination of pulse pressure measurements.

Model	Blood pressure variable (per 10-mm Hg)	Unadjusted HR (95% CI)	P-value	Adjusteda HR (95% CI)	P-value
1	Pre-dialysis pulse pressure (per 10-mm Hg increase)	0.94 (0.84–1.06)	0.3	0.91 (0.79–1.04)	0.2
2	Post-dialysis pulse pressure (per 10-mm Hg increase)	1.13 (1.01–1.27)	0.04	1.06 (0.93–1.21)	0.4
3	Change in pulse pressure during hemodialysis (per 10-mm Hg decrease)	0.76 (0.65–0.88)	0.0002	0.80 (0.69–0.94)	0.007
4	Pre-dialysis pulse pressure (per 10-mm Hg increase)	0.77 (0.65–0.91)	0.002	0.79 (0.66–0.95)	0.01
	Post-dialysis pulse pressure (per 10-mm Hg increase)	1.33 (1.14–1.55)	0.0003	1.22 (1.03–1.45)	0.02
5	Pre-dialysis pulse pressure (per 10-mm Hg increase)	1.03 (0.90–1.17)	0.69	0.97 (0.83–1.12)	0.6
	Change in pulse pressure during hemodialysis (per 10-mm Hg decrease)	0.75 (0.64–0.87)	0.0002	0.81 (0.69–0.97)	0.02
6	Post-dialysis pulse pressure (per 10-mm Hg increase)	1.03 (0.90–1.17)	0.71	0.96 (0.83–1.12)	0.6
	Change in pulse pressure during hemodialysis (per 10-mm Hg decrease)	0.77 (0.65–0.91)	0.002	0.79 (0.65–0.94)	0.01

CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; PP, pulse pressure.

^aEach model is adjusted for age, race, gender, dry weight, intradialytic weight loss, tobacco use, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, coronary artery disease, congestive heart disease, presence of left ventricular hypertrophy, hypoalbuminemia, serum calcium, phosphorus, hemoglobin, nitrate, and treatment arm.