Table 5.
Immediate characteristics of babies with encepalopathy (cases) and controls. Values are numbers (percentages) of subjects
| Characteristic | Cases (n=164) | Controls (n=400) |
|---|---|---|
| Apgar at 1 minute: | ||
| <3 | 50 (30.5) | 3 (0.7) |
| 3-6 | 46 (28.1) | 37 (9.2) |
| >6 | 67 (40.8) | 359 (89.7) |
| Missing | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.2) |
| Apgar at 5 minutes: | ||
| <3 | 14 (8.5) | 0 |
| 3-6 | 40 (24.4) | 5 (1.2) |
| >6 | 108 (65.9) | 394 (98.5) |
| Missing | 2 (1.2) | 1 (0.2) |
| Onset of respiration: | ||
| ⩽2 minutes | 83 (50.6) | 373 (93.2) |
| >2 minutes | 68 (41.5) | 15 (3.7) |
| Not established | 6 (3.7) | 0 |
| Missing | 7 (4.2) | 12 (3.0) |
| Airway resuscitation: | ||
| None | 30 (18.3) | 283 (58.2) |
| Suction alone | 15 (9.1) | 82 (20.5) |
| Oxygen | 29 (17.7) | 49 (12.2) |
| Bag and mask | 35 (21.3) | 30 (7.5) |
| Intubation | 44 (26.8) | 4 (1.0) |
| Intubation and CPR* | 10 (6.2) | 0 |
| Missing | 1 (0.6) | 2 (0.5) |
| Cord pH: | ||
| Not measured | 135 (82.4) | 391 (97.7) |
| <7.0 | 5 (3.0) | 0 |
| 7.0-7.1 | 14 (8.5) | 2 (0.5) |
| ⩾7.2 | 9 (5.5) | 6 (1.5) |
| Missing | 1 (0.6) | 1 (0.2) |
| Birth trauma: | ||
| Present | 17 (10.4) | 0 |
*
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.