TABLE 4.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS COMPARING BIOMARKER QUANTITIES BETWEEN HEALTHY SMOKERS AND SUBJECTS WITH STAGE 2 CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE, USING BOTH NORMALIZED AND NONNORMALIZED (RAW) DATA FROM SAMPLES FROM THE WHOLE COHORT
| Whole Cohort |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
| HS (n = 20) | COPD 2 (n = 25) | Exact Significance | |
| Normalized data | |||
| Apolipoprotein A1, μg/pdu | 6.87 (5.72–9.33) | 5.22 (3.34–7.09) | 0.038* |
| Albumin, μg/pdu | 0.592 (0.431–0.816) | 0.502 (0.351–0.809) | 0.465 |
| α2-HS glycoprotein, μg/pdu | 0.0035 (0.0023–0.0056) | 0.0028 (0.0017–0.0041) | 0.185 |
| Transthyretin, ng/pdu | 0.8873 (0.6502–1.2045) | 1.2617 (0.6973–1.8306) | 0.193 |
| Lipocalin-1, ng/pdu | 24.44 (11.17–34.57) | 8.28 (4.15–16.41) | 0.003† |
| PLUNC, ng/pdu | 18.97 (10.72–25.26) | 16.06 (5.05–53.82) | 0.945 |
| PSP94, ng/pdu | 69.26 (46.35–143.43) | 86.67 (53.69–131.44) | 0.479 |
| Nonnormalized data | |||
| Apolipoprotein A1, μg/ml | 597.8 (390.1–1,051.4) | 703.6 (417.4–1,045 3) | 0.537 |
| Albumin, μg/ml | 54.5 (31.1–77.1) | 69.4 (45.3–133.5) | 0.171 |
| α2-HS glycoprotein, μg/ml | 0.30 (0.16–0.46) | 0.34 (0.15–0.83) | 0.698 |
| Transthyretin, ng/ml | 70.3 (43.5–106.9) | 108.6 (78.0–410.7) | 0.018† |
| Lipocalin-1, ng/ml | 1,776.2 (1,069.0–3,006.4) | 1,075.9 (639.6–1,824.7) | 0.052 |
| PLUNC, ng/ml | 1,614.6 (1,128.7–2,252.0) | 2,184.5 (673.7–6,254.6) | 0.361 |
| PSP94, ng/ml | 6,788.3 (4,713.7–9,649.8) | 10,283.5 (6,821.3–18,393 3) | 0.006† |
Definition of abbreviations: α2-HS glycoprotein = α2-Heremans–Schmid glycoprotein; COPD 2 = stage 2 chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HS = healthy smokers; pdu = pixel density unit; PLUNC = palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone protein; PSP94 = prostate secretory protein of 94 amino acids.
Data were compared by Mann-Whitney U test; data values shown are medians (interquartile range in brackets). P values < 0.05 were considered significant.
*
P < 0.05.
†
P < 0.01.