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. 2010 Mar 29;117(7):821–829. doi: 10.1111/j.1471-0528.2010.02549.x

Table 2.

Average daily intakes of vitamins and minerals (from diet alone) based on 24-hour dietary recall at 8–12 weeks of pregnancy, Leeds, UK, 2003–06 (n = 1257)

Micronutrient Mean (SD) RNI* Recommended increment to RNI during pregnancy** Proportion of women with intakes above the pregnancy RNI (95% CI)
Thiamin (mg/day) 2.4 (7.7) 0.8 +0.1 85 (83, 87)
Riboflavin (mg/day) 1.7 (0.8) 1.1 +0.3 58 (55, 61)
Niacin (mg/day) 20 (10) 13 75 (72, 77)
Vitamin B6 (mg/day) 2.1 (1.0) 1.2 85 (82, 86)
Vitamin B12 (μg/day) 3.9 (3.7) 1.5 79 (77, 82)
Folate (μg/day) 257 (119) 200 +100 32 (29, 35)
Vitamin C (μg/day) 143 (129) 40 +10 75 (73, 78)
Vitamin A (μg retinol equivalent/day) 803 (665) 600 +100 45 (42, 48)
Vitamin D (μg/day) 2.5 (2.7) 10 2 (1, 3)
Vitamin E (mg/day) 7.9 (5.4) ****
Calcium (mg/day) 938 (471) 700 *** 65 (62, 68)
Phosphorus (mg/day) 1344 (501) 550 *** 98 (97, 99)
Magnesium (mg/day) 283 (112) 270 *** 49 (46, 52)
Iron (mg/day) 11.5 (5.3) 14.8 *** 20 (18, 23)
Zinc (mg/day) 8.6 (4.3) 7 *** 59 (56, 62)
Copper (mg/day) 1.1 (0.6) 1.2 *** 32 (29, 35)
Selenium (μg/day) 58 (37) 60 *** 40 (38, 43)
Iodine (μg/day) 118 (82) 140 *** 28 (24, 29)
*

Reference nutrient intakes (RNI) for women aged 19–50 years in the UK.21

**

Reference nutrient intakes for pregnant women.21

***

No increment.21

****

Safe intake – above 3 mg/day for women.21