Table 3.
Manipulation check.
| Total (N = 101) M (SD) | Rumination (n = 32) M (SD) | Memory integration (n = 35) M (SD) | Control (n = 34) M (SD) | Statistics | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Concentration on task | 84.0 (12.4) | 83.3 (11.3) | 82.6 (12.9) | 86.0 (13.0) | F(2, 95) = 1.79, p = .17, η2 = .04 |
| Manipulation-related distress | 24.9 (23.5) | 32.2 (20.8) a | 29.7 (25.1) a | 13.1 (19.8) b | F(2, 95) = 5.48, p < .01, η2 = .10 |
| Drive to continue dwelling | 2.2 (1.22) | 2.5 (1.51) a | 2.2 (1.03) b | 1.9 (1.04) b | F(2, 95) = 3.96, p < .05, η2 = .08 |
| PTQ-S | 27.8 (12.0) | 32.1 (10.7) a | 26.9 (12.6) b | 24.5 (11.5) b | F(2, 95) = 2.73, p = .07, η2 = .05 |
| MIPQ | 19.9 (7.9) | 20.4 (5.2) a | 25.4 (7.3) b | 13.8 (6.3) c | F(2, 95) = 27.51, p < .001, η2 = .37 |
| Abstractness1 | 2.89 (.96) | 2.07 (.81) | t (59) = −3.65, p < .01 | ||
| Unproductiveness1 | .69 (.92) | .06 (.23) | t (63) = −3.90, p < .01 | ||
| Repetitiveness1 | .52 (.62) | .20 (.38) | t (63) = −2.50, p < .05 | ||
| Catastrophizing1 | .56 (.72) | .17 (.41) | t (59) = −2.70, p < .05 |
PTQ-S = Perseverative Thinking Questionnaire – State version; MIPQ = Memory Integration Processing Questionnaire; different superscripts denote differences between conditions at p < .05 or p < .10 if in parentheses.
1
Blind evaluations of thoughts reported in the short breaks during the thinking task.