Table 2.
Comparison of 100 mRNAs in fat cells as compared to the nonfat cells derived from human omental adipose tissue.
| Ratio of mRNA in fat cells to nonfat cells | Cp value in nonfat cells | |
|---|---|---|
| mRNAs significantly enriched in fat cells | ||
|
| ||
| Perilipin | 128 | 29.3 |
| Hormone sensitive lipase [HSL] | 104 | 32.4 |
| Lipoprotein lipase [LPL] | 79 | 26.5 |
| Adiponectin | 42 | 28.1 |
| Retinol binding protein 4 [RBP-4] | 42 | 29.4 |
| Adipose tissue triglyceride lipase [ATGL] | 37 | 35.4 |
| Amyloid protein A1 | 34 | 27.3 |
| Leptin | 28 | 29.2 |
| FAT/CD36 | 26 | 25.8 |
| 11 β -hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 tv1 [11 β HSD-1] | 18 | 30.8 |
| PPAR γ | 15 | 30.4 |
| Uncoupling protein 2 [UCP-2] | 14 | 28.9 |
| Fat specific protein 27/CIDEC | 13 | 26.0 |
| CIDEA | 12 | 27.0 |
| Glutathione peroxidase 3 [GPX-3] | 9 | 27.0 |
| Adipsin/complement D | 9 | 27.9 |
| Zinc α 2 -glycoprotein [ZAG] | 8 | 28.8 |
| Cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase 3B | 7 | 27.6 |
| Angiotensinogen | 5 | 34.1 |
| Toll-like receptor 4 [TLR-4] | 5 | 34.8 |
| Fatty acid binding protein 4 [FABP-4] | 5 | 20.2 |
| Cytochrome c oxidase | 4 | 28.1 |
| Glycerol channel aquaporin 7 [AQP-7] | 4 | 27.4 |
| Adrenomedullin | 4 | 26.4 |
| Akt2/protein kinase B2 | 4 | 27.2 |
| Uncoupling protein 1 [UCP-1] | 4 | 32.6 |
| NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase l [NQO-1] | 3 | 27.2 |
| Insulin receptor tv1 [INSR] | 3 | 27.5 |
| GAPDH | 3 | 26.7 |
| CGI-58/ABHD5 | 3 | 26.2 |
|
| ||
| mRNAs present in both nonfat cells and fat cells | ||
|
| ||
| Gi α 2 guanine nucleotide binding protein | 2.1 | 32.0 |
| Osteoprotegerin [OPG] | 1.9 | 31.0 |
| Thrombospondin 1 | 1.8 | 24.5 |
| Sodium hydrogen exchanger 1 | 1.6 | 28.9 |
| AMPK α 2 catalytic subunit | 1.5 | 32.9 |
| Akt/1protein kinase B1 | 1.5 | 27.4 |
| Lipin-1 | 1.5 | 26.5 |
| Lipin-2 | 1.5 | 27.4 |
| Cyclophilin A | 1.4 | 29.0 |
| Caveolin-1 | 1.4 | 26.6 |
| MAP3K8/COT1 | 1.3 | 26.5 |
| Receptor interacting protein 140 [RIP 140] | 1.3 | 24.6 |
| Haptoglobin | 1.0 | 31.2 |
| SIRT1/sirtuin1 | 1.0 | 27.1 |
| CD14 tv1 | 1.0 | 26.0 |
| IL-1 Ra | 1.0 | 33.3 |
| Leucine-rich protein PPR [LRP130] | 0.87 | 27.0 |
| NFKB1 [p50] | 0.81 | 33.0 |
| β 2 adrenergic receptor | 0.76 | 25.8 |
| Hypoxia inducible factor 1 α [HIF-1 α ] | 0.71 | 27.4 |
| CD 68 | 0.71 | 24.0 |
| RAB6 | 0.66 | 25.0 |
| Peroxisome proliferator activator receptor- γ coactivator 1 α [PGC-1] | 0.57 | 30.0 |
| Apelin | 0.57 | 33.1 |
| MAP4K4 tv 2 | 0.57 | 29.2 |
| Heme oxygenase-1 [HMOX-1] | 0.57 | 24.4 |
| Renin receptor | 0.54 | 25.8 |
| β 1 adrenergic receptor | 0.50 | 27.8 |
| Resistin | 0.33 | 33.6 |
|
| ||
| mRNAs significantly enriched in nonfat cells | ||
|
| ||
| Endothelial nitric oxide synthase [eNOS] | 0.44 | 30.2 |
| PI-3 kinase catalytic subunit | 0.38 | 27.2 |
| Cathepsin S | 0.38 | 31.4 |
| NFKB p65 | 0.35 | 29.2 |
| Mitochondrial superoxide dismutase-2 tv1 [SOD2] | 0.35 | 21.0 |
| Tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 2 [TNFR-2] | 0.29 | 31.2 |
| Nerve growth factor beta polypeptide [NGF] | 0.29 | 31.5 |
| Interleukin 10 [IL-10] | 0.25 | 30.0 |
| Visfatin/PBEF/Nampt | 0.25 | 21.9 |
| PR domain containing 16 [PRDM16] tv1 | 0.25 | 31.5 |
| Tumor necrosis factor α [TNFα] | 0.25 | 30.5 |
| Glycogen synthase kinase 3β | 0.23 | 32.0 |
| Interleukin 8 [IL-8] | 0.20 | 23.6 |
| Osteocalcin | 0.20 | 30.2 |
| α1 glycoprotein | 0.20 | 33.8 |
| Complement C-3 | 0.19 | 25.9 |
| Interleukin 1β [IL-1β] | 0.19 | 25.7 |
| Prostaglandin D2 synthase [PGDS] | 0.18 | 23.9 |
| Tribbles 3 [TRB3] | 0.18 | 30.6 |
| Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 [PAI-1] | 0.18 | 27.3 |
| Bone morphogenetic protein 7 [BMP-7] | 0.16 | 31.8 |
| Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 [ICAM-1] | 0.16 | 25.2 |
| Cyclooxygenase 2 [COX-2] | 0.15 | 27.4 |
| RANTES | 0.15 | 30.0 |
| Angiotensin 1 converting enzyme [ACE] | 0.15 | 31.0 |
| Interleukin 6 [IL-6] | 0.14 | 25.0 |
| Endocannabinoid receptor 1 | 0.14 | 25.8 |
| Collagen type VI/PBEF1α3 tv1 [COL6-A3] | 0.14 | 29.9 |
| NADPH oxidase p67phox | 0.13 | 30.5 |
| TGFβ-1 | 0.12 | 27.3 |
| NADPH oxidase p47phox | 0.12 | 32.4 |
| Lipocalin 2 | 0.12 | 33.5 |
| Butyrylcholinesterase | 0.11 | 33.2 |
| Angiotensin II receptor-1 tv1 [AT1R] | 0.10 | 25.7 |
| Omentin/intelectin | 0.09 | 25.0 |
| Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 [MCP-1] | 0.07 | 23.2 |
| VEGF receptor [VEGFR/FLT1] | 0.07 | 27.8 |
| 25-Hydoxyvitamin D3 1α hydroxylase [25D3-1α] | 0.06 | 26.8 |
| Endothelin-1 | 0.06 | 27.8 |
| Angiotensin II receptor-2 [AT2R] | 0.06 | 33.1 |
| Vaspin | 0.06 | 28.1 |
Those in “bold” are the mRNAs significantly enriched in fat cells, “italic” those mRNAs present in both nonfat cells and fat cells to the same extent, and “normal text” those mRNAs significantly enriched in nonfat cells. The data are based on quantitative PCR analysis of mRNA expression [14, 82, 83]. The ratios were derived from the log2 ΔΔCp of the ΔCp (crossing point) for each mRNA, except cyclophilin, of the nonfat cells (pooled undigested tissue + SV fractions) obtained by collagenase digestion of human omental adipose tissue subtracted from the ΔCp values of fat cells isolated from the same tissue. The ratio for cyclophilin is based on log2 of the ΔCp values for cyclophilin. A ratio above 1 means that the amount of mRNA is greater in the fat cells than in the nonfat cells. The values are shown as the means ± SEM of 4 to 21 paired experiments comparing nonfat cells to fat cells derived from the same individual. Tv1 or 2 stands for transcript variant 1 or 2. The data are from Fain et al. [82, 83] or from unpublished data.