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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Androl. 2010 Apr;33(2):443–462. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2605.2009.01049.x

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Effects of the individual chemicals on AGD at 3 days of age (Fig 3A). Phthalates refers to the group of phthalates (DBP, DiBP, DiHP, BBP, and DEHP) which have similar potency and are represented by the dose-response data from DBP and DEHP. DPP is not shown on this graph, but was three times as potent as the other phthalates and was assumed to have a dose-response curve with a similar shape as that of the other phthalates. Observed (OBS) effects of the mixture on AGD at 3 days of age (Fig 3B, male and female) and observed and predicted effects in our new multi-component mixture study with ten chemicals (four pesticides and six phthalates) on AGD in male rats at 3 days of age (Fig 3C). Since AGD is linear in the low dose range, all models (dose (DA), integrated (IA) and response addition (RA) provided similarly accurate predictions for the observed reductions in AGD. The ED50s as % of the top dose (100%) are shown for the observed and predicted effects of the mixture on F1 male rat AGD at three days of age. Predicted ED50 values with shading fall outside of the 95% confidence limits surrounding the ED50 calculated from the observed data. RA provides less accurate predictions than either DA or IA models. Values on the figures are means and standard errors of observed responses and predicted responses.