Fig. 1.
Generation of simulated complex fractionated electrogram. A deterministic series of activations that occur at a given basic cycle length (BCL) is disturbed by a random phase Φ that shifts all beats by a value that is selected randomly but is conserved for all beats. Subsequently, phase-resetting noise R is applied; the diagram shows the effect of one element (R2) of that noise. It affects directly beat #2, and implicitly all subsequent beats. After that, a phase-preserving noise P is applied, leading to the activations series ATn.