Table 1.

Demographic, disease-related, and mental health characteristics among Lupus Outcomes Study participants reporting medication adherence problems^*

	Adherent (n = 454)	Nonadherent (n = 380)	t-test or χ2	P
Demographics
Age, mean ± SD years	49.64 ± 13.82	48.33 ± 11.45	1.50	0.14
At or above high school education	87.0	84.5	1.09	0.32
Female	89.6	93.7	4.33	0.05
White	54.4	45.6	0.01	0.96
Hispanic/Latino	48.7	51.3	1.12	0.33
African American	58.3	48.7	0.40	0.59
Asian	59.7	40.3	0.93	0.34
Below poverty status	10.0	15.3	5.25	0.03†
Married/with partner	21.6	21.6	0.00	1.00
Disease characteristics
Disease duration, mean ± SD years	15.91 ± 9.40	13.37 ± 7.32	4.37	< 0.0001†
SLAQ score, mean ± SD	8.01 ± 5.98	12.05 ± 7.31	−8.61	< 0.0001†
Disease flare in past 3 months	39.8	56.5	22.55	< 0.0001†
Number of medications, mean ± SD	2.67 ± 1.61	2.94 ± 1.68	−2.28	0.02†
Mental health characteristics, mean ± SD
CES-D total score	11.69 ± 10.89	20.21 ± 13.29	−9.94	< 0.0001†
HVLT-R learning score	26.06 ± 5.39	24.88 ± 5.43	3.11	0.002†
HVLT-R percent retention delay score	92.96 ± 16.06	88.72 ± 20.06	3.28	0.001†

^*Values are the percentage unless otherwise indicated. SLAQ = Systemic Lupus Activity Questionnaire; CES-D = Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; HVLT-R = Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised.

^†Significant.