Table 3.
Details of associations between behavioral clusters and apathy.Group is assigned values of 0 (DAT) and 1 (FTD). Helmert.1 is assigned values of 0 (no apathy) and 1 (with apathy). Helmert.2 is assigned values of −1/2 (non-affective apathy), 0 (no apathy), and 1/2 (affective apathy). Adjusted Odds Raios (aOR) are calculated with Group, Helmert.1 and Helmert.2 variables in the model with Group × Helmert.1 and Group × Helmert.2 interactions, if either was significant. Values listed in the Intercept column are exp(β0)/[1+exp(β0)] where β0 is the intercept parameter estimate. For all models, p-value for H0: β0 = 0 was less than 0.0001.
| Helmert.1 Apathy vs without Apathy |
Helmert.2 Affective Apathy vs Non- Affective Apathy vs without Apathy |
Group DAT vs FTD |
Intercept | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NPI item(s) | Behavioural Cluster |
aOR | 95% CI | p-value | aOR | 95% CI | p-value | aOR | 95% CI | p-value | Pr(Y=1|X=0) |
| loss of appetite | anorexia | 2.98 | (1.75, 5.06) | 0.0001 | 1.45 | (0.83, 2.54) | 0.19 | 0.57 | (0.29, 1.13) | 0.11 | 0.10 |
| worried, shaky, tense, avoiding certain situations, separation anxiety |
anxiety | 3.36 | (2.24, 5.06) | <0.0001 | 1.58 | (0.98, 2.54) | 0.06 | 0.59 | (0.35, 1.00) | 0.052 | 0.20 |
| rummaging behavior | rummaging | 2.49 | (1.39, 4.47) | 0.002 | 1.74 | (0.93, 3.27) | 0.08 | 0.59 | (0.28, 1.28) | 0.18 | 0.08 |
| increase in appetite, overeating, change of food preference, or new eating routine |
change in eating habits |
3.72 | (2.25, 6.15) | <0.0001 | 1.15 | (0.69, 1.93) | 0.60 | 4.46 | (2.70, 7.37) | <0.0001 | 0.08 |
| inappropriate laughing, childlike behavior, witzelsucht, or pranks |
childish behaviour |
1.88 | (1.04, 3.41) | 0.04 | 1.91 | (0.99, 3.70) | 0.053 | 2.95 | (1.63, 5.35) | 0.0004 | 0.06 |
| stubborn, uncooperative, upset at or resisting help with activities of daily living, hard to handle, shouting, cursing |
uncooperative agitation |
2.6 | (1.74, 3.89) | <0.0001 | 2.07 | (1.28, 3.35) | 0.003 | 1.10 | (0.67, 1.81) | 0.71 | 0.20 |
| bad tempered, mood swing, sudden flashes of anger, impatient, cranky, irritable, argumentative |
anger | 2.22 | (1.50, 3.29) | 0.0001 | 1.76 | (1.09, 2.85) | 0.02 | 0.72 | (0.43, 1.20) | 0.21 | 0.23 |
| insensitive comments | insensitivity * | 2.25 | (1.01, 5.01) | 0.048 | 3.10 | (1.28, 7.53) | 0.01 | e5.7 | (e−8.5, e20) | 0.44 | 0.04 |
| e−5.4 | (e−20, e8.7) | 0.45 | 0.14 | (0.02, 0.80) | 0.03 | ||||||
| pacing, repetitive activity, playing with buttons or string, fidgety, repetitive eating behavior |
compulsions | 4.6 | (2.98, 7.09) | <0.0001 | 2.14 | (1.32, 3.47) | 0.002 | 2.95 | (1.80, 4.84) | <0.0001 | 0.13 |
| impulsive, talking to strangers, making crude or sexual comments, public disclosures, taking liberties touching; euphoria |
impulsivity/ euphoria |
3.85 | (2.38, 6.23) | <0.0001 | 2.00 | (1.22, 3.30) | 0.006 | 2.90 | (1.76, 4.78) | <0.0001 | 0.10 |
| tearful, sobbing, acting sad, feeling like a failure, discouraged, seeing no future, feels like a burden to family, or suicidal |
dysphoria * | 3.84 | (2.51, 5.89) | <0.0001 | 1.63 | (0.95, 2.80) | 0.08 | 0.06 | (0.01, 0.26) | 0.0002 | 0.25 |
| 5.27 | (1.77, 15.7) | 0.003 | 0.44 | (0.13, 1.55) | 0.20 | ||||||
| slam doors, kicks or throws things |
physical agitation |
2.73 | (1.49, 5.00) | 0.001 | 2.44 | (1.32, 4.53) | 0.005 | 1.81 | (0.99, 3.33) | 0.055 | 0.06 |
| delusions of theft |
2.58 | (1.38, 4.82) | 0.003 | 1.63 | (0.82, 3.21) | 0.16 | 0.13 | (0.03, 0.52) | 0.004 | 0.07 | |
Statistics for significant Group×Helmert.1 and Group×Helmert.2 interactions are listed in a second row for the associated behavioral cluster