Fig. 1.

Outcome 48 months after TVT insertion according to tape position relative to the urethra and tape distance from the urethra. The optimal tape position, which was found to be at 50–80% of the urethral length with a tape–urethra distance of 3–5 mm at 6 months (indicated by red rectangle) [9], significantly shifts ventrocranially (p < 0.001). At 48 months, the highest success rates were found for tape position at 40–70 % of the urethral length and a tape–urethra distance of 2–5 mm (green square)