Intracellular growth of gene-disrupted mutants. The host cells used were A549 human epithelial cells (A), A/J mouse peritoneal macrophages (B), and A. culbertsoni (C). •, AM511; ▴, HRD1 (edd); ▪, HRD2 (glk); ○, HRD3 (eda); ▵, HRD4 (ywtG). The means and standard deviations of at least three independent determinations are shown.