FIG. 7.
The coiled-coil domain has been under position selection during primate evolution. (A) Phylogenetic tree of the TRIM5α gene. The KA/KS ratios for the Hominoids, Catharrini and Platyrrhini ancestors, as well as for current species are indicated. The KA/KS ratio based on sequences of the full-length TRIM5α gene or the coiled-coil domain only are indicated in black or red font, respectively. When KA>0 and KS = 0, the lineages are labeled as “∞”. For the ancestors highlighted with an asterisk, the estimated number of nonsynonymous and synonymous substitutions are indicated. (B) Probabilities of positively selected codons performed on the entire primate lineage or by individual families (Hominoids-OWMs-NWMs). Codons in the coiled-coil domain are indicated in red. Positions in that domain that have been under positive selection in primates or in the OWM lineage are displayed in the histograms based on squirrel monkey TRIM5α numbering. At the bottom, a schematic representation of TRIM5α is shown with codons in the coiled-coil domain that have been under positive selection (filled hexagons). Specific amino acid insertions (Ins.) and deletions (Del.) that occurred in TRIM5α sequences in the New World monkey lineage are illustrated.