Table 3.
Differences in epidemiological data, case definitions, forms of tuberculosis (TB), and treatment outcome between paediatric and adult patients [>14 years].
| Total (%) |
Paediatric patients (n = 1029) (%) |
Adult patients (n = 1194) (%) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epidemiological | ||||
| Sex, female | 1145 (51.5) | 553 (53.7) | 592 (49.6) | 0.05 |
| Hospital admission | 860 (38.7) | 408 (38.7) | 452 (37.9) | 0.5 |
| HIV status | ||||
| Negative | 242 (10.9) | 51 (5.0) | 191 (16.0) | <0.001 |
| Positive | 38 (1.7) | 4 (0.4) | 34 (2.8) | <0.001 |
| Unknown* | 1943 (87.4) | 974 (94.7) | 969 (81.2) | <0.001 |
| Case definitions | ||||
| New cases | 2126 (95.5) | 1003 (97.5) | 1123 (94.1) | <0.001 |
| Relapses | 48 (2.2) | 7 (0.7) | 41 (3.4) | <0.001 |
| Other | 10 (0.4) | 5 (0.5) | 5 (0.4) | 0.2 |
| Transfer in | 37 (1.7) | 13 (1.3) | 24 (2.0) | 0.4 |
| Forms of TB | ||||
| Smear-positive PTB | 646 (29.0) | 132 (12.8) | 514 (43.0) | <0.001 |
| Smear-negative PTB | 815 (36.4) | 556 (54.0) | 259 (21.7) | <0.001 |
| All forms of EPTB | 762 (34.3) | 341 (33.1) | 421 (35.3) | 0.3 |
| TB lymphadenitis | 411 (19.5) | 189 (19.1) | 222 (19.8) | 0.4 |
| TB osteomyelitis | 171 (8.1) | 78 (7.9) | 93 (6.1) | 0.5 |
| TB abdominal | 112 (5.0) | 39 (3.8) | 73 (7.8) | 0.4 |
| TB meningitis | 26 (1.2) | 22 (2.2) | 4 (0.4) | <0.001 |
| TB pleural | 19 (0.9) | 3 (0.3) | 16 (1.4) | 0.01 |
| Other EPTB | 23 (1.1) | 10 (1.0) | 13 (1.2) | 0.6 |
| Treatment outcome | ||||
| Cured | 402 (18.1) | 99 (9.6) | 303 (25.4) | <0.001 |
| Treatment completed | 1082 (48.7) | 584 (56.8) | 498 (41.7) | <0.001 |
| Defaulted | 254 (11.4) | 143 (13.9) | 111 (9.3) | 0.001 |
| Death | 118 (5.3) | 40 (3.9) | 78 (6.5) | 0.008 |
| Failure | 5 (0.2) | 0 | 5 (0.4) | 0.2 |
| Transfer out | 300 (13.5) | 126 (12.2) | 174 (14.6) | 0.1 |
| Unknown | 63 (2.8) | 37 (3.6) | 26 (2.1) | 0.5 |
* not done; HIV: human immunodeficiency virus; PTB: pulmonary TB; EPTB: extrapulmonary TB.