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. 2010 May;49(3):329–334.

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Figure 4. — Plasma corticosterone levels after oral gavage by using gavage needles coated with various tastants. Naïve mice were gavaged with needles coated with water, sucrose, citrate, sucrose plus citrate, or NaCl solutions, and blood was collected 1 h after dosing by cardiocentesis. (A) Plasma corticosterone levels of tastant treatment groups were compared with those of control mice that did not undergo oral gavage procedure and of mice gavaged with water-coated needles. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 5 per group; *, P < 0.001 (ANOVA with Tukey post hoc analysis) compared with nongavaged controls; #, P < 0.001 (ANOVA with Tukey post hoc analysis) compared with group that received water-coated gavage needles. (B) Plasma corticosterone levels after oral gavage procedure in groups of mice by using water- or sucrose-coated needles with a total procedure time of 10 s. Values are expressed as mean ± SEM (n = 8 per group). +, P < 0.05 (2-tailed Student t test).