Figure 4.

The Simulium Kunitz salivary protein family. (A) Clustal alignment of 4 S. nigrimanum proteins (starting with Sim-) with 2 Simulium vittatum proteins, indicated by SIMVI_X where X is their National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) accession numbers. The tick anti-thrombin peptide named boophilin (BOOMI_17529564) is included as an out-group. The symbols above the alignment indicate identity (*), high similarity (:), and similarity (.) of residues in the indicated alignment position. (B) Phylogram derived from the alignment in A. Simulium nigrimanum sequences are marked with a square. The numbers on the tree bifurcations indicate the percentage bootstrap support above 50%. The bar at the bottom represents 10% amino acid substitution. Protein sequences were aligned by the Clustal program39 and the dendrogram was done with the Mega package41 after 10,000 bootstraps with the neighbor joining (NJ) algorithm. For more details, see text. This figure appears in color at www.ajtmh.org.