Table 1.
Age and Age-adjusted Demographic and Behavioral Characteristics Among African-American and Caucasian Women, San Diego, California, 1992–1998a
| African-American Women (n = 443) |
Caucasian Women (n = 989) |
|||
| Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | Mean | 95% Confidence Interval | |
| Age, years | 61.3 | 60.5, 62.1 | 71.0** | 70.4, 71.7 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 29.8 | 29.3, 30.3 | 25.1** | 24.7, 25.3 |
| Total fat mass, kg | 29.4 | 28.3, 30.3 | 22.4** | 21.7, 22.9 |
| Total lean mass, kg | 43.6 | 43.0, 44.1 | 39.5** | 39.1, 39.8 |
| Total body fat, % | 37.5 | 36.7, 38.2 | 34.1** | 33.6, 34.6 |
| Body weight, kg | 77.4 | 76.0, 78.8 | 65.1** | 64.2, 66.0 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 89.0 | 87.8, 90.1 | 79.1** | 78.4, 79.8 |
| Waist/hip ratio | 0.84 | 0.83, 0.84 | 0.78** | 0.77, 0.78 |
|
No.b |
% |
No.b |
% |
|
| Age category years | ||||
| <50 | 20 | 4.5 | 11 | 11.2 |
| 50–59 | 195 | 44.0 | 170 | 17.2 |
| 60–69 | 160 | 36.1 | 219 | 22.1 |
| 70–79 | 53 | 12.0 | 348 | 35.2 |
| ≥80 | 15 | 3.4 | 241 | 24.3 |
| Education (some college) | 343 | 74.8 | 532** | 68.3 |
| Smoker (current) | 50 | 9.7 | 79* | 8.6 |
| Alcohol (≥3 drinks/week) | 47 | 9.0 | 391** | 37.9 |
| Exercise (≥3 times/week) | 248 | 55.4 | 682** | 67.9 |
| Postmenopausal | 402 | 89.6 | 952 | 89.6 |
| Diabetes (WHO 1999 criteria) | 71 | 17.6 | 114* | 9.8 |
| Medication/supplement (current use) | ||||
| Diuretic | 15 | 3.9 | 27 | 1.6 |
| Thyroid medication | 42 | 8.8 | 208** | 18.8 |
| Steroids | 8 | 2.0 | 23 | 1.7 |
| Calcium | 105 | 21.1 | 501** | 49.0 |
Abbreviation: WHO, World Health Organization.
* P = 0.05; **P = 0.001 (compared with African Americans).
a
Analysis of covariance for continuous variables with age adjustment and chi-square analysis for categorical variables, with direct age adjustment calculated to estimate these results.
b
Subject numbers for each variable do not add to total sample because of missing data.