Table 1.

PKC isoforms detected in vascular tissues and cell types by immunoblot under normal conditions or following exposure to hyperglycemia or diabetic state.

Tissue and cultured cell type	PKC isoforms detected	PKC isoforms activated (translocation and/or abundance) by hyperglycemia or diabetes
Mouse retina	α, β1, β2, δ, ε, ζ	β2, δ
Rat retina	α, β1, β2, δ, ε	α, β1, β2, δ, ε
Bovine pericytes	α, β1, β2, δ, ε, θ, ζ	δ
Bovine endothelial cells	α, β1, β2, δ, ε, γ, ζ	α, β2, δ
Rat kidney	α, β1, β2, δ, ε, ζ	α, ε
Rat glomeruli	α, β1, β2, δ, ε	α, β1, β2, δ, ε
Rat mesangial cell	α, δ, ε, ζ	α, ζ
Rat corpus cavernosum	α, β1, β2, δ, ε	β2
Rat sciatic nerve	α, β1, β2, δ, ε	α or no change
Rat aorta	α, β2, δ, ε	β2
Rat aortic smooth muscle cells	α, β2, δ	β2, δ
Rat heart	α, β2, δ, ε, γ, ζ	α, β2, δ, ζ
Rat cardiac myocytes	β2, δ, ε	β2, ε