Table 3.
Cox regression models for toothbrushing and death from cardiovascular disease (CVD)
| Toothbrushing | Fatal CVD events/total | Hazard ratio (95% CI) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted for age/sex | Model 1* | Model 2† | ||
| Total | 170/11 869 | — | — | — |
| Twice a day | 97/8481 | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) | 1.0 (reference) |
| Once a day | 54/2850 | 1.2 (0.8 to 1.8) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.5) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.5) |
| <Once a day | 19/538 | 2.4 (1.5 to 4.0) | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.8) | 1.5 (0.9 to 2.6) |
| P value for trend | — | 0.003 | 0.194 | 0.345 |
*Adjusted for age, sex, socioeconomic group, smoking, physical activity, and visits to dentist.
†Additionally adjusted for BMI, family history of cardiovascular disease, hypertension (diagnosed by doctor or clinic blood pressure >140/90 mm Hg), diabetes diagnosed by doctor.