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Representative photographs of the opening angle of LV slices with intact (A), peeled (B), and disrupted VPs (C), respectively. ANOVA and Tukey analysis of the opening angles showed that the average opening angle (n = 4) for LV slices with either peeled (27.4 ± 5.7°) or disrupted VP (35.5 ± 4.0°) had significantly (P < 0.05) reduced opening angles compared with LV slices with an intact VP (53.3 ± 10.3°).
