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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Oct 15;14(20):6610–6617. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-08-1136

Figure 4. Tumor-specific fingerprinting of uMMPs.

Figure 4

(A) Substrate gel electrophoresis of MMPs in representative urine samples from healthy controls, prostate and bladder cancer patients. Gelatinase activity was detected in the urine of both types of cancer patients at approximately ∼ 68 kDa, 125 kDa, and >220 kDa, which corresponds to MMP-2, MMP-9/NGAL complex and MMP-9 dimer, respectively. MMP-9 (∼92 kDa) was detected with significantly higher frequency in the urine of prostate cancer patients. (B) Positive expression for different MMP species for cancer patients and controls. Asterisks (*) denote a significantly higher rate of expression for cancer group compared to controls (P < 0.001 for each, Fisher's exact test). No significant difference was observed in the MMP-9 positive expression rate between patients with bladder cancer and controls (29% vs. 18%, P = 0.31). † denote a significantly different rate of expression between and prostate and bladder cancer groups. Model indicating probability of prostate (C) and bladder (D) cancer based on combinations of two multivariate biomarkers. For both cancer groups the estimated probability is 100% for positive MMP-2 expression, however, when MMP-2 is negative a positive MMP-9/NGAL expression indicates a predicted probability of 86% for prostate cancer (C) whereas positive MMP-9 dimer expression indicates a predicted probability of 71% for bladder cancer (D).