Table 1.

Inclusion criteria for considering studies for this review

Types of studies	Randomized controlled trials
Participants	We included trials that have enrolled participants of any age and sex with any type of DME (focal or diffuse), as diagnosed in the included studies.
Interventions	We included trials that compared any anti-VEGF of any dose and duration. This was compared with another treatment, sham treatment, or no treatment.
Outcome measures	Primary outcome: BCVA: the difference in BCVA as continuous data (converted in LogMAR).
	One or more lines of improvement from baseline (ETDRS, Snellen or LogMAR equivalent).
	Central macular thickness: retinal thickness from baseline as measured by ocular coherence tomography.5
Secondary outcomes	Anatomical measures: One or more grade reduction of macular edema. Presence of edema via direct fundoscopy. Fluorescein angiography leakage.
Adverse effects	Ocular hypertension
	Anterior chamber reaction Lens opacity progression (cataract formation)
	Endophthalmitis and inflammation Fibrous proliferation
	Iris or retinal neovascularization Reduction in visual acuity and blindness
	Death
Quality of life measures	No data
Economic data	No data

Abbreviations: BCVA, best-corrected visual acuity; DME, diabetic macular edema; anti-VEGF, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor; ETDRS, Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study.