Table 1.
Characteristics of 4.817 patients that met the inclusion criteria.
| Group | LMU | DGU | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Number | 160 | 4.657 | |
| Characteristic | mean ± SD or % | mean ± SD or % | |
| Epidemiologic data | |||
| Age (years) | 44.6 ± 18.3 | 42.5 ± 20.7 | 0.096 |
| Male gender (%) | 75.0 | 73.2 | 0.604 |
| Blunt injury (%) | 89.4 | 96.4 | < 0.001 |
| Prehospital | |||
| Chest compression (%) | 6.9 | 3.4 | 0.020 |
| GCS (points) | 10.9 ± 4.4 | 10.2 ± 4.8 | 0.099 |
| Chest tube insertion(%) | 10.0 | 7.7 | 0.293 |
| Intubation (%) | 51.3 | 59.6 | 0.035 |
| Shock (%) | 23.9 | 21.4 | 0.454 |
| Infusion (ml) | 1.504 ± 866 | 1.575 ± 1075 | 0.883 |
| Prehospital time (min) | 61. 9 ± 51.8 | 75.8 ± 46.5 | < 0.001 |
| Air lifted (%) | 41.1 | 41.6 | 0.903 |
| In-hospital | |||
| Chest compressions (%) | 8.9 | 5.1 | 0.036 |
| Chest tube insertion TR (%) | 33.5 | 24.5 | 0.010 |
| Shock TR SBP ≤ 90 (%) | 21.2 | 15.4 | 0.051 |
| Base excess (mmol/L) | -5.8 ± 5.5 | -3.7 ± 4.9 | < 0.001 |
| Infusion (mL) | 4.950 ± 3844 | 2.668 ± 2424 | < 0.001 |
| Haemoglobin (mg/dL) | 11.3 ± 2.9 | 11.3 ± 3.0 | 0.779 |
| PRBC (%) | 40.5 | 29.6 | 0.003 |
| Number of PRBC | 4.2 ± 9.2 | 2.6 ± 6.6 | 0.005 |
| Thromboplastin time | 68.9 ± 22.9 | 74.9 ± 23. 3 | 0.01 |
| Emergency Operation (%) | 10.6 | 6.2 | 0.025 |
| Operation rate (%) | 87.5 | 77.2 | 0.002 |
| Operation per patient | 5.2 ± 7.2 | 2.9 ± 3.5 | < 0.001 |
| ICU days | 16.8 ± 23.6 | 12.3 ± 14.2 | 0.340 |
| Respirator days | 14.8 ± 22.9 | 8.4 ± 12.2 | < 0.001 |
| MOF (%) | 77.7 | 25.0 | <0.001 |
| AIS head ≥ 3 (%) | 56.3 | 59.2 | 0.459 |
| AIS thorax ≥ 3 (%) | 61.9 | 56.5 | 0.177 |
| AIS abdomen ≥ 3(%) | 25.6 | 23 | 0.442 |
| AIS extremities ≥ 3 (%) | 40.6 | 36.1 | 0.239 |
| ISS (points) | 32.5 ± 16.4 | 29.7 ± 13.0 | 0.296 |
| NISS (points) | 40.0 ± 17.8 | 35.6 ± 14.6 | 0.006 |
| Hospital days | 22.3 ± 27.9 | 25.9 ± 30.1 | 0.025 |
| Outcome | |||
| Mortality rate (24 h) | 11.3 | 11.4 | 0.959 |
| Mortality rate (overall) | 18.8 | 22.0 | 0.324 |
| GOS (%) | |||
| 5 Good recovery | 36.6 | 35.7 | <0.001 |
| 4 Moderate disability | 22.2 | 24.2 | <0.001 |
| 3 Severe disability | 9.8 | 12.7 | <0.001 |
| 2 Vegetative state | 11.8 | 3.6 | <0.001 |
| 1 Dead | 19.6 | 23.8 | <0.001 |
We analyzed 4.817 patients, comparing 160 patients from our university hospital (LMU) to 4.657 trauma patients from other trauma centres (DGU) participating in the registry. SPB Systolic blood pressure; GCS Glasgow Coma Scale; ISS Injury Severity Score; NISS New Injury Severity Score; ICU Intensive Care Unit; AIS Abbreviated Injury Scale; MOF Multi Organ Failure (defined as organ failure of two systems of >2 SOFA-score points of at least 2 days duration [43]; TR Trauma room; PRBC Packed Red Blood Cells. p: χ2 test or Mann- Withney-U test (two sided). The overall mortality rate is not exactly equal to the rate of GOS "dead" due to the fact that GOS has not been documented for all patients.