Three-phase nest building in singleton and colonial nestings. (a) Duration of mixing events throughout a typical nesting, the linear rising phase defining phase 1 corresponding to the initiation, bubble raft phase merging into the main building phase 2. Linear regression lines fitted from event numbers 0 to 50, and from event 50 to termination. (b) Time intervals between the beginnings of each mixing event for the same nesting. Phase 3—termination phase. The fitted lines are a linear regression from event 25 to 180, and an exponential fit from point 180 to the end. (c–e) Duration of mixing events in colonial nesting. (c) Pioneer pair; (d,e) follower pairs. Event numbers given from the beginning of nesting by the pioneer pair. All times are expressed in seconds (s).