Table 1.
Demographic, psychiatric, and neuropsychological data describing participant groups with standard error of the mean in parentheses
| Variable | HIV− | HIV+ | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 45.5 (1.2) | 44.2 (.6) | .36 |
| Education (years) | 14.2 (.3) | 13.1 (.2) | <.01 |
| Ethnicity (percent) | <.01 | ||
| African American | 47 | 69 | |
| White | 42 | 17 | |
| Latino | 8 | 9 | |
| Other | 4 | 4 | |
| Sex (percent) | <.01 | ||
| Male | 53 | 77 | |
| Female | 47 | 23 | |
| MSM (percent of men) | 20 | 64 | |
| Neuropsychiatric measures | |||
| Depression (BDI-II) | 9.0 (1.5) | 14.4 (.8) | <.01 |
| Anxiety (BAI) | 5.7 (1.3) | 11.5 (.7) | <.01 |
| Irritability (NPI) | .9 (.3) | 1.9 (.1) | <.01 |
| Apathy (NPI) | 1.3 (.3) | 2.6 (.2) | <.01 |
| Dual-task performance (percent digit span correct) | 67 (4) | 56 (2) | .03 |
Note. For age and education group comparisons, a one-way analysis of variance was performed. For ethnicity and sex group comparisons, a Pearson χ2 was performed. For psychiatric status and dual-task performance, a one-way analysis of covariance was performed with age, ethnicity, sex, and years of education as covariates. HIV− = HIV-seronegative controls. HIV+ = HIV-seropositive participants; MSM = men who have sex with other men; BDI-II = Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition; BAI = Beck Anxiety Inventory; NPI = Neuropsychiatric Inventory (Cummings et al., 1994) with adaptation for irritability and apathy measures found in Castellon et al. (2000).