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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 Jun 3.
Published in final edited form as: Chem Rev. 2009 Mar 11;109(3):839–860. doi: 10.1021/cr800373w

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Φ-value analysis of the transient complex/transition state for association determined for ‘hotspot’ mutations (affecting the binding affinity by > 2 kcal/mol) collected from TEM1-BLIP, Barnase-barstar and Ras-Ral association.6,14,93 Φ-values close to 1 suggest that the involved residues have similar interactions in the transient complex/transition state and in the native complex, while values close to 0 indicate the residues do not form any inter-protein contacts in the transient complex/transition state.