Table 1. Purging strategies to eliminate cancer cells from graft samples.
| Method of purging |
Example of purging agents | Tumor type | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ex vivo | |||
| Chemotherapy | 4- hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC) and mafosfamide |
Breast cancer | (70) |
| Monoclonal antibodies |
Alemtuzumab, Rituximab | Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), B- cell lymphoma |
(71) |
| Positive hematopoietic stem cell (CD34+) selection |
Immunomagnetic enrichment/selection |
B cell non- Hodgkin’s lymphoma |
(72) |
| Photodynamic purging process |
Rhodamine | Depletion of T cells in allogenic stem cell transplant |
(73) |
| Immunotoxins | Heregulin (HRG)- Pseudomonas exotoxin (PE) 40 toxin |
Breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-361, ZR-75-1, MCF-7 |
(74) |
| Oncolytic viruses |
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) Adenovirus Reovirus Myxoma |
Breast cancer cells Breast cancer cells Lymphocytic leukemia and lymphoma Acute myelogenous leukemia |
(23, 25, 27, 65) |
| In vivo | |||
| Chemotherapy | Idarubicin, Cytarabine and etoposide |
Chronic myelogenous leukemia |
(75) |
| Monoclonal Ab | Rituximab | Chronic myelogenous leukemia |
(76) |