Table 2.
Extent of Disease and Mucosal Recovery at Time of 1st Follow-Up Biopsy
| Variable | Total (n=241) |
Persistent Damage (n=151) |
Mucosal Recovery (n=90) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time since diagnostic biopsy | 0.40α | |||
| . <2 years | 165 (68%) | 107 (71%) | 58 (64%) | |
| . 2–5 years | 51 (21%) | 29 (19%) | 22 (24%) | |
| . >5 years | 25 (10%) | 15 (10%) | 10 (11%) | |
| Clinical presentation | 0.98 | |||
| . Classical | 157 (65%) | 99 (66%) | 58 (64%) | |
| . Atypical | 76 (32%) | 47 (31%) | 29 (32%) | |
| . Silent | 8 (3%) | 5 (3%) | 3 (3%) | |
| Histological improvement | 108 (45%) | 20 (13%) | 88 (99%) | <.001 |
| Intraepithelial lymphocytes * | 40 (10, 140) | 40 (10, 140) | 20 (10, 100) | <.001 |
| Intraepithelial lymphocytes categories |
<.001α | |||
| . <30 | 83 (36%) | 26 (17%) | 57 (68%) | |
| . 30–40 | 70 (30%) | 50 (34%) | 20 (24%) | |
| . >40 | 80 (34%) | 73 (49%) | 7 (8%) | |
| Intraepithelial lymphocytosis | 80 (34%) | 73 (49%) | 7 (8%) | <.001 |
| Villous to crypt ratio * | 2.0 (0.0, 5.0) | 1.0 (0.0, 2.5) | 3.0 (0.0, 5.0) | <.001 |
| Compliance to GFD | <.01α | |||
| . Good | 156 (66%) | 89 (61%) | 67 (75%) | |
| . Moderate | 49 (21%) | 31 (21%) | 18 (20%) | |
| . Poor | 31 (13%) | 27 (18%) | 4 (4%) | |
| Clinical response at 1st f/u biopsy |
192 (82%) | 119 (81%) | 73 (83%) | 0.70 |
| Positive tTGA at 1st f/u biopsy |
55/162 (34%) | 42/100 (42%) | 13/62 (21%) | 0.01 |
| tTGA conversion† | 44/79 (56%) | 26/51 (51%) | 18/28 (64%) | 0.25 |
| tTGA response | 100/154 (65%) | 55/96 (57%) | 45/58 (78%) | 0.01 |
| Positive EMA at 1st f/u biopsy |
23/124 (19%) | 20/75 (27%) | 3/49 (6%) | <.01 |
| EMA conversion† | 36/50 (72%) | 20/32 (63%) | 16/18 (89%) | 0.05 |
| EMA response | 93/116 (80%) | 51/71 (72%) | 42/45 (93%) | 0.01 |
*
Median (min, max) reported; P-value from Wilcoxon Rank Sum Test
α
P-value from Cochran-Armitage Trend Test
†
% based on those who tested positive at diagnosis
GFD, gluten-free diet; tTGA, tissue transglutaminase antibody, EMA, endomysial antibody