Table 4.
Baseline characteristics of participants according to tertiles of variation* in total BMD.
| Tertiles of variation in total BMD | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | II | III | P | |
| Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | ||
| Age | 74.0 (6.15) | 71.4 (5.09) | 69.7 (5.25) | <.0001 |
| Years since menopause | 25.0 (7.75) | 21.7 (7.76) | 20.6 (8.38) | 0.001 |
| BMI | 26.6 (4.57) | 28.1 (4.24) | 28.7 (4.31) | 0.003 |
| Cigarette smoking (pack-years) | 3.22 (11.94) | 2.81 (7.92) | 2.26 (5.96) | 0.752 |
| Calories/Kg ideal weight | 33.4 (8.26) | 33.9 (8.62) | 35.0 (10.54) | 0.468 |
| Dietary Fibre (g/day) | 17.8 (4.90) | 19.5 (6.19) | 19.7 (5.74) | 0.032 |
| Calories from carbohydrates/ideal weight |
17.4 (4.89) | 17.5 (4.96) | 18.1 (6.29) | 0.659 |
| Calories from lipids/ideal weight | 10.71 (3.18) | 11.06 (3.52) | 11.32 (3.61) | 0.467 |
| Proteins (g)/ideal weight | 1.34 (0.36) | 1.39 (0.35) | 1.40 (0.40) | 0.528 |
| Animal proteins (g)/ideal weight | 0.86 (0.27) | 0.90 (0.26) | 0.90 (0.30) | 0.402 |
| Vegetal proteins (g)/ideal weight | 0.49 (0.15) | 0.48 (0.15) | 0.49 (0.17) | 0.907 |
| Non protein calories/g of nitrogen | 132.6 (20.68) | 128.2 (18.73) | 132.9 (20.86) | 0.193 |
| Calcium (mg/day) | 794.7 (325.37) | 797.0 (275.95) | 866.9 (391.92) | 0.229 |
| Phosphorous (mg/day) | 1090.1 (321.73) | 1142.5 (289.28) | 1183.2 (374.81) | 0.145 |
| Vitamin D (mcg/day) | 1.62 (0.60) | 1.83 (0.83) | 1.89 (1.27) | 0.111 |
| Magnesium (mg/day) | 221.1 (65.88) | 235.2 (60.30) | 243.2 (72.54) | 0.064 |
| Folic Acid (mcg/day) | 234.2 (72.47) | 258.1 (77.00) | 266.1 (82.58) | 0.012 |
| Total Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (g/day) |
6.76 (2.24) | 7.01 (2.24) | 7.21 (2.53) | 0.416 |
| PRAL | 2.64 (10.61) | 1.52 (10.28) | 0.24 (11.26) | 0.294 |
| PRAL/ideal weight | 0.06 (0.21) | 0.03 (0.20) | 0.00 (0.22) | 0.208 |
| Alcohol (g/day) | 7.08 (9.98) | 6.50 (9.63) | 8.57 (10.72) | 0.335 |
| Creatinine clearance (mL/min) | 71.4 (21.50) | 77.4 (19.77) | 75.6 (21.14) | 0.126 |
| 25-hydroxyvitamin D (nmol/L) | 42.45 (37.75) | 50.0 (40.63) | 52. (33.56) | 0.162 |
| Interleukin-6 (pg/mL) | 1.56 (1.63) | 1.55 (1.51) | 1.55 (1.42) | 0.997 |
| % | % | % | ||
| Low physical activity | 77.1 | 77.3 | 86.0 | 0.201 |
| Hormone replacement therapy | 8.3 | 9.3 | 9.0 | 0.716 |
*
Calculated as follow-up BMD minus baseline BMD, lower tertile indicates greater BMD loss.