Table 3.
Predictors of Circulating CRP Levels Among Controls
| Characteristic | No. of Patients | Geometric Mean CRP Level (mg/L) | P* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at enrollment, years | .013 | ||
| ≤ 59 | 120 | 1.94 | |
| 60-64 | 186 | 2.08 | |
| 65-69 | 208 | 2.65 | |
| 70-74 | 144 | 1.92 | |
| Sex | .217 | ||
| Female | 233 | 2.25 | |
| Male | 425 | 2.01 | |
| Smoking status | .023 | ||
| Never smoker | 116 | 1.80 | |
| Former smoker | 312 | 2.12 | |
| Current smoker | 230 | 2.53 | |
| Former smoker | .012 | ||
| 0-29 Pack-years and quit for < 15 years | 30 | 1.71 | |
| 0-29 Pack-years and quit for ≥ 15 years | 65 | 1.54 | |
| 30-39 Pack-years and quit for < 15 years | 47 | 2.23 | |
| 30-39 Pack-years and quit for ≥ 15 years | 21 | 2.66 | |
| 40-49 Pack-years and quit for < 15 years | 18 | 2.14 | |
| 40-49 Pack-years and quit for ≥ 15 years | 13 | 2.25 | |
| 50+ Pack-years and quit for < 15 years | 99 | 2.96 | |
| 50+ Pack-years and quit for ≥ 15 years | 19 | 3.07 | |
| Current smoker | .011 | ||
| 0-29 Pack-years | 47 | 2.30 | |
| 30-39 Pack-years | 71 | 2.08 | |
| 40-49 Pack-years | 17 | 4.08 | |
| 50+ Pack-years | 95 | 3.28 | |
| Current smokers by smoking intensity, cigarettes per day | |||
| ≤ 10 | 35 | 2.17 | .023 |
| 11-20 | 88 | 2.44 | |
| 21-40 | 94 | 3.30 | |
| 40+ | 13 | 4.80 | |
| Race/ethnicity | .006 | ||
| White | 599 | 2.40 | |
| Black | 29 | 2.64 | |
| Hispanic | 6 | 2.89 | |
| Asian/Pacific Islander | 24 | 1.12 | |
| Education | .172 | ||
| High school graduate or less | 212 | 2.26 | |
| College or more | 446 | 2.00 | |
| BMI at enrollment | < .001 | ||
| < 18.5 | 4 | 1.33 | |
| 18.5-24.9 | 214 | 1.45 | |
| 25.0-29.9 | 305 | 2.24 | |
| ≥ 30 | 124 | 3.31 | |
| Regular use of aspirin or ibuprofen | .262 | ||
| No | 230 | 2.00 | |
| Yes | 428 | 2.21 | |
| History of bronchitis/emphysema | .157 | ||
| No | 574 | 2.07 | |
| Yes | 72 | 2.50 | |
| History of heart disease | .087 | ||
| No | 551 | 2.08 | |
| Yes | 94 | 2.56 | |
| Family history of lung cancer | .004 | ||
| No | 558 | 2.08 | |
| Yes | 72 | 3.05 | |
| rs1417938 | .138† | ||
| AA | 200 | 2.19 | |
| AT | 158 | 2.53 | |
| TT | 44 | 2.66 | |
| rs1800947 | .016† | ||
| GG | 359 | 2.47 | |
| CG | 42 | 1.71 | |
| CC | 1 | 0.69 | |
| rs1205 | .008† | ||
| CC | 186 | 2.57 | |
| CT | 167 | 2.44 | |
| TT | 48 | 1.51 | |
| rs2808630 | .451† | ||
| TT | 218 | 2.39 | |
| CT | 151 | 2.45 | |
| CC | 33 | 1.87 | |
| rs3093077 | .003† | ||
| TT | 337 | 2.23 | |
| GT | 63 | 3.10 | |
| GG | 2 | 13.20 |
NOTE. Serum specimens were available for 658 controls, DNA specimens were available for 447 controls, and both serum and DNA specimens were available for 402 controls. The number of controls with available serum is different from that in Table 1 owing to the exclusion of instances of multiple selections for controls who were selected more than once (n = 12 controls; 10 controls selected two times, and one control selected three times) owing to sampling with replacement. P values in boldface are statistically significant at P < .05. Numbers do not add up to total owing to missing values.
Abbreviations: CRP, C-reactive protein; BMI, body mass index.
P values from linear regression models that incorporated age, sex, race, and smoking.
P values for trend across categories; not adjusted for any factors.