Table 6.
Access to good availability of fresh and overall (fresh and processed) fruits and vegetables by neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation, using measures of proximity and coverage*
| All Deprivation (n = 101) | Low Deprivation (n = 26) | Medium Deprivation (n = 48) | High Deprivation (n = 27) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proximity (in miles) | ||||
| Supermarket | 9.9 ± 8.5 | 11.4 ± 8.8 | 12.1 ± 8.0 | 4.7 ± 6.8 |
| Fruits | ||||
| Fresh fruits | 6.7 ± 5.7§ | 8.1 ± 5.2¶ | 8.0 ± 5.4§ | 2.9 ± 5.1‡ |
| Overall fruits | 4.7 ± 4.2§ | 5.6 ± 3.8¶ | 5.8 ± 4.0§ | 2.0 ± 4.0‡ |
| Vegetables | ||||
| Fresh vegetables | 7.4 ± 6.1§ | 8.6 ± 5.6¶ | 8.8 ± 5.7§ | 4.0 ± 6.1‡ |
| Overall vegetables | 4.5 ± 4.1§ | 5.4 ± 3.6¶ | 5.3 ± 3.9§ | 2.1 ± 4.0‡ |
| Coverage - 1 mile | ||||
| Fruits | ||||
| Fresh fruits | 0.47 ± 0.82 | 0.65 ± 1.16 | 0.50 ± 0.99 | 1.89 ± 1.12‡ |
| Overall fruits | 0.77 ± 1.3 | 0.96 ± 1.51 | 0.79 ± 1.29 | 2.81 ± 1.73‡ |
| Vegetables | ||||
| Fresh vegetables | 0.37 ± 0.64 | 0.61 ± 1.1 | 0.35 ± 0.76 | 1.59 ± 1.08‡ |
| Overall vegetables | 0.59 ± 0.98 | 0.85 ± 1.22 | 0.69 ± 1.07 | 2.30 ± 1.23‡ |
| Coverage - 3 miles | ||||
| Fruits | ||||
| Fresh fruits | 0.91 ± 1.2 | 0.65 ± 1.16 | 0.50 ± 0.99 | 1.89 ± 1.12‡ |
| Overall fruits | 1.4 ± 1.7 | 0.96 ± 1.51 | 0.79 ± 1.29 | 2.81 ± 1.73‡ |
| Vegetables | ||||
| Fresh vegetables | 0.91 ± 1.2 | 0.61 ± 1.1 | 0.35 ± 0.76 | 1.59 ± 1.08‡ |
| Overall vegetables | 1.2 ± 1.3 | 0.85 ± 1.22 | 0.69 ± 1.07 | 2.30 ± 1.23‡ |
| Coverage - 5 miles | ||||
| Fruits | ||||
| Fresh fruits | 1.2 ± 1.3 | 1.0 ± 1.36 | 0.87 ± 1.18 | 1.89 ± 1.12† |
| Overall fruits | 1.9 ± 1.8 | 1.5 ± 1.82 | 1.52 ± 1.61 | 2.85 ± 1.72† |
| Vegetables | ||||
| Fresh vegetables | 0.93 ± 1.1 | 0.88 ± 1.27 | 0.58 ± 0.92 | 1.59 ± 1.08† |
| Overall vegetables | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 1.30 ± 1.40 | 1.39 ± 1.35 | 2.37 ± 1.24† |
| Coverage - 10 miles | ||||
| Fruits | ||||
| Fresh fruits | 2.1 ± 1.2 | 2.08 ± 1.29 | 1.90 ± 1.22 | 2.52 ± 1.19 |
| Overall fruits | 3.4 ± 1.8 | 3.58 ± 1.63 | 3.14 ± 1.80 | 3.70 ± 1.75 |
| Vegetables | ||||
| Fresh vegetables | 1.5 ± 1.0 | 1.65 ± 1.16 | 1.31 ± 0.93 | 1.81 ± 0.96 |
| Overall vegetables | 3.3 ± 1.5 | 3.35 ± 1.41 | 3.04 ± 1.58 | 3.59 ± 1.52 |
* Network distance shown as mean ± standard deviation; median in parenthesis
Level of statistical significance for test for trend across ordered groups of neighborhood socioeconomic deprivation: †p < 0.01 ‡p < 0.001
Different than distance to nearest supermarket §p < 0.001 ¶ p < 0.01